--- title: Technicals description: How to read and use a coin's Technicals page — the overall verdict on five timeframes, 12 oscillators, 17 moving averages, pivot points, volume profile, support and resistance, trend, volatility, candlestick patterns, derivatives, options, order flow, liquidations, order book and on-chain holders. --- Technicals is the full technical analysis of one coin, on one page. It answers three questions: what the price structure says, how traders are positioned, and where the important price levels are. This page follows the screen from top to bottom and explains what every block shows, how to read it and how to use it. ## Opening it On any [coin page](/docs/wallet-coin), click the **Technicals** box under the statistics. To go back, click the button with the coin's name at the top left. The page keeps itself up to date while it is open, so you can leave it on screen. ## How to use this page A practical order for reading it: 1. **Look at the verdict on each tab.** The tabs show the verdict for 15 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, 1 day and 1 week side by side. When they agree, the picture is clear. When the short timeframes say Buy and the long ones say Sell, the price is bouncing inside a larger downtrend. 2. **Open the tab that matches how you trade.** Someone holding for months should read 1D and 1W; someone trading within the day, 15m and 1H. 3. **Find the levels.** Pivot points, support and resistance, and the volume profile tell you where the price is likely to react. Those are the prices to watch for entering, adding or protecting a position. 4. **Check positioning.** Derivatives, liquidations and options show whether traders are crowded on one side. A crowded side is what gets forced out when the price moves against it. 5. **Check who holds it.** For Ethereum tokens, the on-chain section shows whether a few wallets control the supply. ## The header The coin's name, the market the analysis is based on (for example `ETHUSDT`), the current price, the 24-hour change, and how recently the analysis was updated. ## Timeframe tabs **15m**, **1H**, **4H**, **1D** and **1W** — the size of each candle the analysis is read from. Under each tab is that timeframe's overall verdict. Switching tab changes the gauges, oscillators, moving averages, pivot points, volume profile, support and resistance, trend, volatility and candlestick patterns. Performance, correlation, monthly returns, historical volatility and the 52-week range always use daily data. Derivatives, options, order flow and on-chain data are the same on every tab. ## Summary gauges Three gauges: **Oscillators**, **Summary** and **Moving averages**. Each points to one of five readings — **Strong sell, Sell, Neutral, Buy, Strong buy** — and underneath shows how many indicators say Sell, Neutral and Buy. **What it indicates:** the balance of all the indicators on this timeframe. The more indicators agree, the further the needle moves towards Strong buy or Strong sell. A Neutral reading means they disagree or have no clear signal. **Summary** gives oscillators and moving averages equal weight. **How to use it:** as a first read, not a decision. The two groups measure different things: moving averages follow the trend, oscillators look for exhaustion. In a strong uptrend it is normal to see moving averages on Strong buy and oscillators on Neutral or Sell — the trend is intact but stretched. ## Oscillators Twelve momentum indicators, each with its current value and its signal. | Oscillator | Says Buy when | Says Sell when | | --- | --- | --- | | Relative Strength Index (14) | Below 30 and turning up | Above 70 and turning down | | Stochastic %K (14, 3, 3) | Below 20 and crossing up | Above 80 and crossing down | | Commodity Channel Index (20) | Below −100 and turning up | Above +100 and turning down | | Average Directional Index (14) | A trend is present and buyers have just taken control | A trend is present and sellers have just taken control | | Awesome Oscillator | Momentum turns positive | Momentum turns negative | | Momentum (10) | Rising | Falling | | MACD Level (12, 26) | Above its signal line | Below its signal line | | Stochastic RSI Fast (3, 3, 14, 14) | Both lines below 20 and crossing up | Both lines above 80 and crossing down | | Williams Percent Range (14) | Below −80 and turning up | Above −20 and turning down | | Bull Bear Power (13) | Uptrend, and sellers are losing strength | Downtrend, and buyers are losing strength | | Ultimate Oscillator (7, 14, 28) | Above 70 | Below 30 | | Rate of Change (9) | Price higher than 9 candles ago | Price lower than 9 candles ago | Anything else is Neutral. **What it indicates:** most oscillators only give a signal at an extreme — oversold or overbought — and when they start to turn. On a calm market the majority read Neutral, which is normal. **How to use it:** a Buy from RSI, Stochastic or Williams %R means the price has fallen far and fast and is starting to recover; it is a possible bounce, not a confirmed trend change. These signals work best when they appear at a support level from the blocks below. The [indicator guide](#indicator-guide) at the end explains each one and when it misleads. ## Moving averages Seventeen averages. Each row is a period — **MA 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 200** — with the **Simple** and **Exponential** average side by side. Each shows its value, how far the price is from it, and its signal. Below them: **Ichimoku Base Line**, **Volume Weighted Moving Average (20)** and **Hull Moving Average (9)**. **What it indicates:** an average says **Buy** when the price is above it and **Sell** when the price is below it. The short averages (5, 10, 20) describe the last few candles; the long ones (100, 200) describe the main trend. **How to use it:** - Price above every average is a clean uptrend; below every average, a clean downtrend. A mix means the trend is changing or there is none. - The distance column shows how stretched the price is. Far above the 20-period average is often followed by a pullback towards it. - The 50 and 200 are watched by most traders and often act as support or resistance themselves. - Exponential averages turn sooner than simple ones, so they give the first signs of a change, and more false ones. ## Pivot points Seven price levels — **R3, R2, R1, Pivot, S1, S2, S3** — in five common methods: **Classic, Fibonacci, Camarilla, Woodie** and **DeMark**. R levels are resistance above; S levels are support below. The levels come from the previous period: yesterday for the 15m tab, last week for 1H and 4H, last month for 1D, last year for 1W. The subtitle says which. The two rows where the price sits now are highlighted, and the note under the table says it in words. **What it indicates:** prices where many traders expect a reaction, because many traders calculate the same levels. **How to use it:** the Pivot is the balance point of the period — above it the bias is up, below it down. R1 and S1 are the first targets and the first places a move may stall. When several methods give a level at about the same price, that price matters more. ## Volume profile A horizontal bar chart of how much was traded at each price over recent candles. The subtitle says how many candles are counted. - **Point of control** — the price where the most trading happened - **Value area** — the range where 70% of the trading happened - **Price vs value area** — whether the price is now **Above**, **Inside** or **Below** that range **What it indicates:** where the market actually did business, which a normal price chart does not show. **How to use it:** - Prices with heavy trading tend to act as support or resistance, because many positions were opened there. - The point of control often pulls the price back towards it. - Price above the value area means the market has accepted higher prices; a return inside it means that move failed. - Prices with very little trading tend to be crossed quickly. ## Support & resistance Up to four **Resistance** levels above the price and four **Support** levels below it, with the current price in the middle. Each shows the price, the distance from where the price is now, and the number of **touches**. **What it indicates:** prices where the market turned before. The more touches, the stronger the level. **How to use it:** support is where buyers stepped in before, so a fall may stop there; resistance is where sellers did. A level broken decisively often switches role — old resistance becomes support. "None above in view" means the price is higher than any recent turning point. ## Trend - **ADX (14)** — how strong the trend is, in either direction: *weak* below 20, *forming* 20–25, *strong* 25–40, *very strong* 40–60, *extreme* above 60 - **Direction** — **Buyers in control** or **Sellers in control** - **Aroon (25)** — **Up** near 100 means a recent new high; **Down** near 100 means a recent new low - **Supertrend (10, 3)** — **Uptrend** or **Downtrend**, with the price where it would flip - **Parabolic SAR** — **Below price** in an uptrend, **Above price** in a downtrend, with its level - **On-balance volume** — **Rising**, **Falling** or **Flat**. Rising means more volume on up candles than on down ones - **50 / 200-day averages** — whether the 50-day average is above or below the 200-day - **Last cross** — the latest **Golden cross** (the 50 crossing above the 200) or **Death cross** (crossing below), with its date **How to use it:** check ADX first. Below 20 there is no real trend, and trend-following tools — moving averages, Supertrend, SAR — give many false signals. Above 25, trust the trend readings more than the oscillators. The Supertrend and SAR levels are commonly used as a trailing stop: the price at which the trend is considered over. ## Volatility - **ATR (14)** — how much the price typically moves per candle, in dollars and as a percentage - **Historical volatility** — how much the price has moved over 30 days, as a yearly figure, with the 7-day and 90-day figures beside it. 60% means a typical yearly swing of around 60% - **Bollinger width (20, 2)** — how wide the Bollinger bands are. **%B** shows where the price is inside them: 0 at the lower band, 100 at the upper - **Bollinger bands** — the lower and upper band prices - **Average daily range** — the average distance between the daily high and low over 30 days - **52-week range** — where the price sits between its lowest and highest price of the year, and how far it is from the high **How to use it:** - ATR helps size a stop. A stop tighter than one ATR is likely to be hit by ordinary noise. - Very narrow Bollinger bands often come before a large move; they do not say in which direction. - %B above 100 or below 0 means the price has stepped outside its usual range. - Rising volatility during a fall usually means fear; falling volatility during a rise, a calm uptrend. ## Candlestick patterns Patterns found in the last 12 closed candles, newest first. Each shows its name, whether it points up (green) or down (red), its reliability — **Low**, **Medium** or **High** — and how many candles ago it formed. | Pattern | Points | Reliability | What it looks like | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Doji | Neither | Low | Open and close almost equal: indecision | | Hammer | Up | Low | After a fall, a long lower wick: sellers pushed down and were rejected | | Inverted hammer | Up | Low | After a fall, a long upper wick | | Hanging man | Down | Low | After a rise, a long lower wick | | Shooting star | Down | Low | After a rise, a long upper wick: buyers pushed up and were rejected | | Bullish engulfing | Up | Medium | An up candle that swallows the previous down candle | | Bearish engulfing | Down | Medium | A down candle that swallows the previous up candle | | Bullish harami | Up | Low | A small up candle inside a large down candle | | Bearish harami | Down | Low | A small down candle inside a large up candle | | Piercing line | Up | Medium | Opens lower, closes above the middle of the previous down candle | | Dark cloud cover | Down | Medium | Opens higher, closes below the middle of the previous up candle | | Morning star | Up | High | A large fall, a small pause, then a strong rise | | Evening star | Down | High | A large rise, a small pause, then a strong fall | | Three white soldiers | Up | High | Three strong up candles in a row | | Three black crows | Down | High | Three strong down candles in a row | | Bullish marubozu | Up | Medium | A large up candle with almost no wicks | | Bearish marubozu | Down | Medium | A large down candle with almost no wicks | | Tweezer bottom | Up | Low | After a fall, two candles with the same low | | Tweezer top | Down | Low | After a rise, two candles with the same high | **How to use it:** a pattern on its own is weak. It is worth more when it forms at a level — a hammer on a support level, a shooting star at resistance or at the top of the value area — and on the longer tabs. ## Performance How the price has done over **24h, 7 days, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, year to date, 1 year, 2 years** and since the first year with data. Below that: - **Best day** and **Worst day** of the last 30 days - **Green days** — the share of the last 30 days that closed up - **Deepest drop** — the largest fall from a peak in the last 90 days and in the last year - **From all-time high** — how far below its record price the coin is **How to use it:** compare the short and long windows. Up on the year but down on the month is a pullback inside an uptrend; the reverse is a bounce inside a downtrend. The deepest drop tells you what a bad stretch has looked like recently, which is what you should be prepared to sit through. ## Correlation How closely the coin moves with **BTC** and with **ETH** over **30 days**, **90 days** and **1 year**, plus its **beta**. - **Correlation** from 1 (moves exactly with it) through 0 (no relation) to −1 (moves against it) - **Beta** — how much the coin tends to move for each 1% the other moves. A beta of 1.5 against BTC means that when Bitcoin moves 10%, this coin has tended to move about 15% **How to use it:** most coins are highly correlated with Bitcoin, so owning several of them diversifies less than it looks. A high beta means bigger gains in a rising market and bigger losses in a falling one. To see this across everything you hold, use [Diversification](/docs/wallet-diversification). ## Monthly returns A table with one row per year and one column per month, coloured green for up months and red for down months, with each year's total. Two rows at the bottom: - **Average** — the average result of each calendar month over all the years - **Up** — how many times that month closed up, for example `6/9` **How to use it:** to see whether the coin has a seasonal pattern. Read the Up row together with the Average: an average pulled up by one exceptional year is not a pattern. ## Derivatives The coin's perpetual futures on Binance. A perpetual is a futures contract with no expiry date, which traders use to bet on the price with leverage, long or short. This section shows how that market is positioned. ### Funding rate The fee paid between longs and shorts every 8 hours. Shown with who is paying — **Longs pay shorts** or **Shorts pay longs** — the time to the next payment, a chart of its recent history, the **7-day** and **30-day** averages, and the rate **annualised**. **What it indicates:** positive funding means more traders want to be long than short. Very high positive funding means the long side is crowded; strongly negative, the short side. **How to use it:** crowded positioning is fuel for a move the other way. When funding is very high and the price starts to fall, leveraged longs are forced to sell, which pushes it down further. ### Open interest The value of all futures positions still open, with a 30-day chart and its change over **24 hours**, **7 days** and **30 days**. **How to read it:** - Price up and open interest up — new money is opening longs - Price down and open interest up — new money is opening shorts - Open interest falling — positions are being closed, and the move is running out of new participants ### Long / short The share of long and short positions, three ways: **All accounts**, **Top traders · accounts** and **Top traders · positions** (the largest traders weighted by position size). **How to use it:** when the top traders lean the opposite way from all accounts, the large money disagrees with the crowd. The crowd is usually on the wrong side at turning points. ### Basis & volume - **Basis** — how far the futures price is above or below the spot price - **Mark price** and **Index price** — the futures reference price and the spot price it follows - **Futures volume** and **Spot volume** over 24 hours - **Futures to spot** — how many times larger futures trading is than spot trading **How to use it:** a high positive basis means traders are paying extra to be long. A high futures-to-spot multiple means leverage is driving the price rather than real buying, and moves driven by leverage reverse more easily. ## Across exchanges The same perpetual contract on **Binance, Bybit, OKX, Bitget, Hyperliquid and dYdX**. For each: **Funding (8h)**, **Annualised**, **Open interest**, **Share** of the total and **Volume 24h**. The **All venues** row gives the total and the average funding weighted by size. Funding is shown per 8 hours everywhere so the exchanges can be compared; exchanges that charge more often are marked. **How to use it:** to see where the positions really are, and whether positioning is one-sided on one exchange. The total open interest here is a better picture of the whole market than any single exchange. ## Options For coins with options on Deribit, the main crypto options exchange: **BTC, ETH, SOL, XRP, AVAX, TRX** and **HYPE**. An option gives the right to buy (a **call**) or sell (a **put**) at a set price on a set date. What traders pay for options shows how much movement they expect and which way they are protecting against. ### Implied volatility The move the options market expects over a year, in percent. For BTC and ETH this is Deribit's volatility index, **DVOL**, with its change over 24 hours and 7 days. **How to use it:** compare it with the historical volatility in the Volatility block. Implied above historical means the market expects bigger moves than it has recently seen. ### Put / call ratio How many puts are open for every call. Above 1, there is more protection against a fall than bets on a rise. Below it: the value of calls and puts open, and the same ratio for today's trading only. ### Volatility by expiry Expected volatility for each upcoming expiry date. Normally it rises from the nearest date to the furthest. When the nearest dates are higher, the market expects a move soon. ### Max pain by expiry For each upcoming expiry: the days left, the **max pain** price, its distance from the current price, the put/call ratio and the value expiring. **Max pain** is the price at which the largest amount of options would expire worthless. Price often drifts towards it in the days before a large expiry. ## Order flow ### Buy vs sell flow Whether buyers or sellers have been more aggressive over **1 hour, 4 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days** and **7 days**, in dollars, for **spot** and **futures**. An aggressive buyer takes the price on offer instead of waiting for a better one. Positive figures mean buyers were in a hurry; negative, sellers were. **How to use it:** spot buying with futures selling usually means genuine buying with hedging on top. Futures buying with spot selling means the move is driven by leverage. ### Liquidations Positions closed by force because their margin ran out, over **1 hour, 4 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours** and **7 days**. **Longs** are long positions wiped out by a fall; **Shorts** are short positions wiped out by a rise. The figures are a minimum: in very busy moments not every liquidation is reported, so the real total can be higher. **How to use it:** a burst of long liquidations often marks the bottom of a sharp fall, because the forced selling stops once the leveraged longs are gone. A burst of short liquidations can do the same at the top of a sharp rise. ### Order book - **Spread** — the gap between the best buying and selling price - **Depth** — how much is waiting to be bought (**Bids**) and sold (**Asks**) within **±0.1%, ±0.5%, ±1%, ±2%** and **±5%** of the price, and the **Buy side** share. Above 50%, more buying interest than selling in that range - **Biggest walls** — the largest buy and sell orders near the price **How to use it:** a thin book moves easily with large orders. Walls show where someone is waiting to buy or sell in size, but they can be removed at any moment, so treat them as intent. ## On-chain For coins that are tokens on Ethereum. ### Holders - The number of wallets holding the token - **Top 10 wallets hold** — the share of the supply in the ten largest wallets - **Transfers** — the number of transfers since the token was created - **Supply** — the total supply - **Contract** — the token's address, with a link to Etherscan **How to use it:** a small top-10 share means the supply is spread out. A large one means a few wallets could move the price by selling. Exchanges and bridges often appear in the top ten, holding coins that belong to many people. ### Biggest wallets The ten largest holders, with their share and balance. Each address opens on Etherscan. To study what one of them does, add it to your watchlist and open it in the [Wallet Analyser](/docs/wallet-analyser). ## When a section is missing - **No analysis at all** — the coin does not trade against USDT on Binance - **"Not enough history"** — the coin is too new for that timeframe - **No Derivatives or Across exchanges** — the coin has no perpetual futures. Normal for stablecoins and wrapped tokens - **No Options** — there are no options listed on it - **No On-chain** — it is not a token on Ethereum ## Indicator guide What each indicator measures and when it misleads. ### Moving averages A line that smooths the price so the direction is easier to see. **Simple** averages treat every candle equally and react slowly. **Exponential** averages weight recent candles more and react sooner. **Hull** is designed to react fast while staying smooth. **Volume-weighted** gives more weight to candles with more trading. **When they mislead:** in a sideways market the price crosses them constantly and every cross is a false signal. ### RSI Compares recent gains with recent losses, from 0 to 100. Above 70 is overbought, below 30 oversold. **When it misleads:** in a strong trend it can stay above 70 or below 30 for weeks. More useful is divergence: the price makes a new high and RSI does not. ### Stochastic and Stochastic RSI Where the price closed within its recent range, from 0 to 100. Stochastic RSI applies the same idea to RSI and is faster still. **When they mislead:** they reach the extremes often, so in a trend they give many early signals. ### CCI and Williams %R Both measure how far the price has stretched from its recent normal. Beyond ±100 for CCI, or beyond −20 and −80 for Williams %R, the move is unusual. ### Ultimate Oscillator Buying pressure measured over three windows at once, to reduce the false signals a single window gives. ### MACD The gap between a fast and a slow moving average. Above its signal line, short-term momentum is stronger than long-term. **When it misleads:** it lags. By the time it crosses, much of the move may have happened. ### ADX and DMI ADX measures how strong the trend is; +DI and −DI show whether buyers or sellers drive it. Below 20, there is no trend worth following. ### Aroon How recently the price made its highest high and lowest low of the last 25 candles. ### Supertrend and Parabolic SAR Lines that follow the price and flip sides when the trend turns. Often used as a trailing stop. **When they mislead:** in a sideways market they flip back and forth. ### ATR and historical volatility How much the price moves, not which way. Useful for sizing stops and positions. ### Pivot points, support and resistance Levels where the price may react, partly because many traders watch the same prices. ### Reading candlestick patterns Shapes of one to three candles that traders associate with a turn or continuation. Worth more at a key level and on longer timeframes. ### Reading a volume profile Shows where trading happened. Busy prices act as support and resistance; empty prices are crossed quickly. > [!NOTE] > Everything on this page describes what the market has done and how it is positioned now. It does not tell you what will happen next, and it is not a recommendation to buy or sell.